(15) In a second experiment, thioridazine, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin and their metabolites were assayed in the brain of the rat after acute administration of the enantiomers of thioridazine and the assessment of catalepsy.(14) The action of opiates leading to an inhibition of flexor alpha-motoneurones may contribute to akinesia and catalepsy, and opioid-induced muscular rigidity.(13) The results, together with a literature survey on the anticholinergic effects on neuroleptic-induced catalepsy and inhibition of avoidance behavior, are related to biochemical findings and clinical effects.(12) Administration of oxotremorine to mice produced centrally-mediated effects, such as catalepsy and tremor, and peripheral muscarinic actions, such as diarrhoea and lachrymation.(11) This dose of haloperidol alone caused only a slight, gradually developing catalepsy, while alphaMT alone caused none.(10) Studies on the mechanism of post-etorphine catalepsy.(9) Bilateral intrastriatal injections of quinolinic acid (QA) (180 nmoles) induced weight loss and neurologic and behavioral deficits including convulsions, decreased catalepsy response to haloperidol, increased nocturnal locomotor activity, and abnormal feeding behavior in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.(8) All rats were tested for catalepsy and at the end of the last catalepsy test, striatal DOPAC, HVA and ACh were determined.(7) Finally, Lu 19-005 antagonized the catalepsy induced by perphenazine.(6) Finally 6 patients undergoing DDP with Timiperone in combination with trihexyphenidyl suffered no symptoms of catalepsy but sometimes had mild vomiting episodes (1-4 times a day).(5) Joint administration of WA-335 and L-DOPA with an inhibitor of peripheral decarboxylase, or WA-335 and amantadine produced a stronger antagonistic effect (spiroperidol catalepsy) than either of these substances separately.(4) Both antagonists produced catalepsy as evidenced by dose-dependent increases in step- down latency.(3) Indomethacin and studied prostaglandins did not influence inhibitory action of FDP on haloperidol-induced catalepsy.(2) The novel anxiolytic drug, buspirone, reverses catalepsy induced by haloperidol.(1) Injection of a low dose of haloperidol, that has no obvious behavioral effects in normal mice, produces akinesia, catalepsy, and somatosensory neglect in MPTP-treated mice.More information can be found in our resources on symptoms of narcolepsy and narcolepsy diagnosis and assessment. Whilst there are a few neurodevelopmental conditions in which a form of cataplexy may be seen, those conditions are exceedingly rare, and so the occurrence of cataplexy generally makes diagnosis of narcolepsy much more certain. When cataplexy is present, it is extremely rare for it to be an isolated symptom – the vast majority of those with typical cataplexy will also have symptoms of narcolepsy. Cataplexy may be most severe when the person with narcolepsy is tired rather than fully alert, and can lead to considerable anxiety. Typically, cataplexy does not develop for months or even years after the first signs of excessive daytime sleepiness, but in rare cases it is the first observed symptom of narcolepsy. It is thought that about 75% of patients with narcolepsy experience cataplexy. Does everyone with narcolepsy have cataplexy? During both mild and severe attacks, the person stays fully conscious. How long does it last?Ĭataplexy attacks generally last less than two minutes, and they may only last a few seconds, though some people have repeated attacks of cataplexy which persist for up to 30 minutes.
Speech may be slurred, and eyesight impaired (double vision, inability to focus) but hearing and awareness remain undisturbed. The loss of muscle tone that occurs may range from a just-perceptible weakening of the facial muscles through weakness at the knees, to total collapse on the floor. Cataplexy is the term given to sudden muscular weakness triggered by strong emotions such as laughter, anger and surprise.